Key Trends in Sepsis for 2025
In Spain, the incidence of sepsis is 212 cases per 100,000 inhabitants per year, with a mortality rate ranging from 15% to 50%, depending on the severity and speed of treatment.

Sepsis remains one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide. In 2025, several emerging trends will transform the way this critical condition is diagnosed and treated.
Globally, it is estimated that nearly 48.9 million cases of sepsis occur each year, resulting in approximately 11 million deaths, which accounts for 20% of all deaths.
In Spain, the incidence of sepsis is 212 cases per 100,000 inhabitants per year, with a mortality rate ranging from 15% to 50%, depending on the severity and speed of treatment. These figures highlight the urgent need to improve diagnostic and treatment strategies to reduce the burden of this disease.
Below are the most notable trends based on the analysis of our team at VIVA in Vitro, with the collaboration of Pablo González-Polanco, Product Development Engineer, and Dr. Verónica Cánovas, Biotechnology Development Manager.
Immune Monitoring in Sepsis Recovery
Many patients who survive sepsis experience long-term immune dysfunction, increasing their susceptibility to infections, recurrent sepsis, and even organ failure. This phenomenon, known as "sepsis-induced immunosuppression," is driving research towards long-term immune monitoring. We must seek solutions to improve the quality of life for these patients.
Personalized Medicine in Sepsis
Advances in personalized medicine are revolutionizing sepsis management by tailoring treatments to each patient's immune response profile. Since sepsis-induced immune dysfunction varies widely, from hyperinflammatory to immunosuppressive states, personalized strategies focus on identifying these variations and providing targeted interventions. The Immunosep project, led by Mihai Netea, a member of our International Scientific Advisory Committee, is an example of these pioneering efforts.
Innovative Immunotherapies
In sepsis, where immunosuppression poses a significant challenge, developing therapies that restore immune function and enhance infection-fighting capacity is increasingly crucial. Preliminary studies suggest that immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and cytokine-based immunomodulation can reduce sepsis-related mortality. Each percentage point of success translates to thousands of lives saved worldwide.
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Sepsis Management
Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) are transforming sepsis management by enabling earlier detection, risk stratification, and personalized treatment approaches. These technologies are improving the accuracy and speed of sepsis diagnosis and treatment. The major challenge is no longer just the technology itself, but also training professionals, both in the scientific and management fields, to incorporate these solutions into real-world cases.
Novel Diagnostic Technologies for Sepsis Management
Early detection of sepsis remains a significant challenge in critical care. However, recent advancements in diagnostic technologies are addressing this issue, especially in the context of sepsis-induced immune dysfunction. These new tools focus on improving sensitivity, reducing diagnosis time, and facilitating real-time, personalized sepsis management.